Fractures, or broken bones, are a common injury in dogs and cats, often caused by trauma or underlying health conditions. Understanding the causes, symptoms, and treatment options can help pet owners provide the best care for their injured pets.

Causes of Fractures

  • Trauma – Car accidents, falls from heights, or rough play.
  • Bone disease – Conditions like osteoporosis, infections, or tumors can weaken bones.
  • Nutritional deficiencies – Lack of calcium, vitamin D, or phosphorus may lead to brittle bones.
  • Genetic predisposition – Some breeds may have weaker bone structures.

Types of Fractures

  • Closed fracture – Bone breaks but does not puncture the skin.
  • Open (compound) fracture – Bone breaks through the skin, increasing the risk of infection.
  • Greenstick fracture – Incomplete break where the bone bends but does not snap completely.
  • Comminuted fracture – Bone shatters into multiple pieces.
  • Growth plate fracture – Occurs in young, growing animals, affecting future bone development.

Signs & Symptoms

  • Sudden limping or refusal to bear weight on a limb
  • Swelling, bruising, or visible deformity
  • Whimpering, yowling, or showing signs of pain
  • Inactivity or reluctance to move
  • Open wounds with visible bone (in open fractures)

Diagnosis

A veterinarian will diagnose a fracture using:

  • Physical examination – Checking for pain, swelling, and mobility issues.
  • X-rays – Confirming the type and severity of the fracture.
  • Advanced imaging (CT scan or MRI) – For complex fractures or suspected internal injuries.

Treatment Options

1. Non-Surgical Treatment (For minor fractures)

  • Splints or casts – Immobilizing the bone to allow healing.
  • Pain management – NSAIDs or other medications for discomfort.
  • Restricted activity – Limiting movement to prevent further injury.

2. Surgical Treatment (For severe fractures)

  • Bone plates and screws – Used to stabilize broken bones.
  • Pins and wires – Internal fixation methods to hold bones in place.
  • External fixation – Metal frames and pins placed outside the limb for stabilization.

Post-Treatment Care & Recovery

  • Restricted movement – Crate rest or controlled exercise to allow proper healing.
  • Physical therapy – Gradual rehabilitation exercises to restore strength.
  • Follow-up X-rays – Monitoring bone healing progress.
  • Nutrition support – Ensuring a balanced diet for optimal bone recovery.

Preventing Fractures

  • Keep pets indoors or supervise outdoor activities.
  • Use pet-safe stairs or ramps to prevent high jumps.
  • Maintain a nutritious diet to support strong bones.
  • Provide regular veterinary check-ups to detect underlying conditions.

Final Thoughts

Fractures can be painful and serious, but with proper treatment and care, most pets recover well. If you suspect your dog or cat has a broken bone, seek veterinary attention immediately for the best outcome.

For more information or to discuss treatment options, contact us at (817)-326-3400 today!